Copy Page - By Attribute: Difference between revisions

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** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved|MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved|MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS|MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS|MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS]]
===== 8.10 =====
===== Arizona Senate Allegations =====
All three conditions of this attribute applied during the 2020 General Election.
* '''Incentive/pressure''' - Management, other personnel, or external parties have an incentive or are under pressure, which provides a motive to commit fraud.
** This was a General Election and Maricopa County was significant for the purposes of the Electoral College, which elects the President of the United States of America. Maricopa County the most densely populated County in Arizona. The outcome of Maricopa County can sway all of the Electoral Votes, which are cast in accordance with the winner. Therefore, there is more of an incentive to conduct fraud in Maricopa County than it is to conduct fraud in a rural county. There is more benefit for conducting fraud in Maricopa than there is for conduction fraud in Yavapai County.
* '''Opportunity''' - Circumstances exist, such as the absence of controls, ineffective controls, or the ability of management to override controls, that provide an opportunity to commit fraud.
** If malicious intent was present, there were months of opportunity for IT personnel to corrupt the database by independent audits were initiated.
* '''Attitude/rationalization''' - Individuals involved can rationalize committing fraud. Some individuals possess an attitude, character, or ethical values that allow them to commit dishonest acts knowingly and intentionally.
** MC elected officials and MC leadership were not transparent and intentionally stalled independent assessments, which could have been interpreted as performing the culturally appropriate actions, even if considered unethical by the public.
==== 8.14 ====
===== Arizona Senate Allegations =====
Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the [https://www.azag.gov/sites/default/files/2025-06/2020_General_Election_Investigation_Summary.pdf Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation]. This Green Book attribute applies given the Arizona Senate's concern that the 2020 election results may have been fraudulently reported, specifically for the following threats.
* '''Unauthorized access''' - End users, developers, or unrelated attackers may compromise the confidentiality of a platform or software system by overriding controls to gain unauthorized access to the entity's information technology or use capabilities that exceed their rights in those systems.
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided|MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Anonymous Logins|MC EMS 2020 - Anonymous Logins]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Dual Boot System Discovered|MC EMS 2020 - Dual Boot System Discovered]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS|MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS]]
* '''Installation of malicious software''' - Installation of a program or file that intentionally attacks the entity's information technology by corrupting or stealing data, overwhelming a system with traffic, or locking the entity out. The objective of a malicious software (malware) attack may be to harm the entity, gain information, or obtain a financial gain.
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided|MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Failure to Follow Basic Cyber Security Practices|MC EMS 2020 - Failure to Follow Basic Cyber Security Practices]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Anonymous Logins|MC EMS 2020 - Anonymous Logins]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Dual Boot System Discovered|MC EMS 2020 - Dual Boot System Discovered]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS|MC EMS 2020 - Internet Connections to the EMS]]
* '''Undetected errors''' - End users, developers, or unrelated attackers may improperly alter data in the entity's information technology without visible evidence. Erroneous changes resulting from corrupted systems may not be readily detectable by users.
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided|MC EMS 2020 - Subpoenaed Equipment Not Yet Provided]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Election Management System Database Purged|MC EMS 2020 - Election Management System Database Purged]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Election Files Deleted|MC EMS 2020 - Election Files Deleted]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Corrupt Ballot Images|MC EMS 2020 - Corrupt Ballot Images]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Missing Ballot Images|MC EMS 2020 - Missing Ballot Images]]
** [[The Anomalies#MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved|MC EMS 2020 - Operating System Logs Not Preserved]]




Latest revision as of 15:49, 27 August 2026

1.01
Arizona Senate Allegations

Potential governance gaps were identified by the Assessment Team from the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation of Arizona Senate allegations. This Green Book attribute is relevant to all of the allegations submitted by the Arizona Senate since MC Elected Officials and MC leadership failed to recognize the importance of the Arizona Senate's oversight role. Investigative information was withheld by MC Elected Officials and MC Leadership, which ultimately lead to the Arizona Senate formally filing their allegations with the Arizona Attorney General. The public perceives MC leadership as lacking integrity and being unethical when they withhold information from the public and oversight entities, such as the Arizona Senate. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

1.02

Arizona Senate Allegations

As already noted in Green Book Attribute 1.01, Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. The elected officials were considered as a possible oversight entity for MC operations. In this case, MC Elected Officials and MC leadership were apparently aligned with the position that the Arizona Senate was not entitled to perform oversight. Hence, the oversight and management were both demonstrating a lack of integrity and unethical behavior in the eyes of the public because of their lack of transparency. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

1.03

Arizona Senate Allegations

As already noted in Green Book Attribute 1.01 and 1.02, Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. The elected officials were considered as a possible oversight entity for MC operations. In this case, MC Elected Officials and MC leadership were apparently aligned with the position that the Arizona Senate was not entitled to perform oversight. Hence, the oversight and management were both demonstrating a lack of integrity and unethical behavior in the eyes of the public because of their lack of transparency. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

1.05

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. The elected officials were considered as a possible oversight entity for MC operations. In this case, MC Elected Officials and MC leadership were apparently aligned with the position that the Arizona Senate was not entitled to perform oversight. Hence, the oversight and management were both demonstrating a lack of integrity and unethical behavior in the eyes of the public because of their lack of transparency.

If the MC elected officials and MC leadership lacked transparency, it's reasonable to assume MC employees are also performing their job tasks with a lack of transparency. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

1.08

Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation.After more than a year since the 2020 General Election, MC leadership had not compiled the information necessary to resolve numerous allegations. MC leadership and employees lacked transparency. The AZ AG's inspector was not supplied with enough information to resolve the following allegations and closed the report with an Undetermined status.

2.01

Arizona Senate Allegations

As already noted in Green Book Attribute 1.01 and 1.02, Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. The elected officials were considered as a possible oversight entity for MC operations. In this case, MC Elected Officials and MC leadership were apparently aligned with the position that the Arizona Senate was not entitled to perform oversight. No oversight entity has been identified.

3.09

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from a failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. During the AZ AG's inspector's investigation, the inspector was told of an internal control instead of being shown the steps from a controlling procedure. Apparently, internal controls are not adequately documented to be of service to the inspector. Documentation would have been more objective evidence than an interview. This was noted in the following sub-allegations.

7.05

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. In their oversight role, the Arizona Senate sought to understand the risk to accurate tabulation of election results given the abundance of election-related anomalies. They sought a better understand of items that directly affected risk (e.g., data processing irregularities) as well as the indirect risk from the withholding of information by MC elected Officials and MC leadership. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

7.06

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. In their oversight role, the Arizona Senate sought to understand the risk to accurate tabulation of election results given the abundance of election-related anomalies. They sought a better understand of items that directly affected risk (e.g., data processing irregularities) as well as the indirect risk from the withholding of information by MC elected Officials and MC leadership.

Additionally, MC leadership did not conduct any internal investigation into the Arizona Senate's allegations to understand causal factors and root cause so that corrective actions could be implemented. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

7.09

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. In their oversight role, the Arizona Senate sought to understand the risk to accurate tabulation of election results given the abundance of election-related anomalies.

This Green Book attribute guides the assessment of risk to consider the individual and grouped threats. In this case, some of these specific allegations had the potential to corrupt or mask the corruption of election tabulation results. Collectively, the risks were even greater. Both perspectives were ignored, which necessitated the Arizona Senate's turnover of allegations to the AZ AG. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

7.15

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. In their oversight role, the Arizona Senate sought to understand the risk to accurate tabulation of election results given the abundance of election-related anomalies.

The AZ AG's inspector did not refer to any procedures for operation and maintenance of the EMS and ancillary equipment during the investigation. Had these procedures been available, they would have most certainly been used and referenced as an information source. Procure instructions are more objective that the interviews. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

8.01 and 8.02

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. In their oversight role, the Arizona Senate sought to understand the risk to accurate tabulation of election results given the abundance of election-related anomalies. The Arizona Senate's allegations were focused on the potential for fraud. Yet, MC elected officials and MC leadership did not investigate any of the election anomalies for fraud, which necessitated the turnover of their allegations to the Arizona Attorney General. This potential deviation from the Green Book standard applies to the following Arizona Senate Allegations:

8.03 and 8.04 8.05
Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. MC Elected Officials and MC leadership took no action to investigate any of the following potential fraudulent activities to the satisfaction of the Arizona Senate and the AZ AG's inspector, which was unable to resolve the Senate's allegations:

8.06
Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. This Green Book attribute applies given the Arizona Senate's concern that the 2020 election results may have been fraudulently reported,

8.10
Arizona Senate Allegations

All three conditions of this attribute applied during the 2020 General Election.

  • Incentive/pressure - Management, other personnel, or external parties have an incentive or are under pressure, which provides a motive to commit fraud.
    • This was a General Election and Maricopa County was significant for the purposes of the Electoral College, which elects the President of the United States of America. Maricopa County the most densely populated County in Arizona. The outcome of Maricopa County can sway all of the Electoral Votes, which are cast in accordance with the winner. Therefore, there is more of an incentive to conduct fraud in Maricopa County than it is to conduct fraud in a rural county. There is more benefit for conducting fraud in Maricopa than there is for conduction fraud in Yavapai County.
  • Opportunity - Circumstances exist, such as the absence of controls, ineffective controls, or the ability of management to override controls, that provide an opportunity to commit fraud.
    • If malicious intent was present, there were months of opportunity for IT personnel to corrupt the database by independent audits were initiated.
  • Attitude/rationalization - Individuals involved can rationalize committing fraud. Some individuals possess an attitude, character, or ethical values that allow them to commit dishonest acts knowingly and intentionally.
    • MC elected officials and MC leadership were not transparent and intentionally stalled independent assessments, which could have been interpreted as performing the culturally appropriate actions, even if considered unethical by the public.

8.14

Arizona Senate Allegations

Arizona Senate allegations arose from MC's failure to recognize the Arizona Senates Oversight Role. These allegations were investigated and reported on by the Arizona Attorney General's Office 2020 General Election Investigation. This Green Book attribute applies given the Arizona Senate's concern that the 2020 election results may have been fraudulently reported, specifically for the following threats.





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