8.11
Risk Assessment
Principle 8 - Assess Fraud, Improper Payment, and Information Security Risk
Attribute 8.11 - Management considers the types of improper payments that could impact the entity to provide a basis for identifying and analyzing improper payment risks. Improper payments are any payments that should not have been made or that were made in an incorrect amount. Payments are also considered improper when there is insufficient or lack of documentation. Improper payments can result from lack of oversight, mismanagement, errors, deficiencies in internal control, abuse, or fraud. While all payments resulting from fraudulent activity are considered improper, not all improper payments are the result of fraud. Types of improper payments may include the following:
- Overpayments - These payments are those in excess of the amount due to be paid to recipients. They include payments to ineligible recipients, any payment for an ineligible good or service, payments for goods or services not received, and any duplicate payment. They could be either intentional—such as fraudulent payments—or unintentional.
- Underpayments - These payments are those in which recipients did not receive some or all the funds to which they were entitled.
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